Supervisory control system



16, 1932- T. u. WHITE SUPERVISORY CONTROL SYSTEM Filed June 7, 192,6 4Sheets-Sheet -1 INVENTUR Thomas 0. Whiz? WITNESSES:

Af'mmm Aug. 16, 1932. T wH|TE 1,871,762

SUPERVISORY CONTROL SYSTEM Filed June 7, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet -2WITNESSES: INVENTOR 4/ Mv Thoma u. Wh/fe Aug-16, 1932. T. U. WHIT'E1,871,16

SUPERVISORY CONTROL SYSTEM Filed June '7, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 5WITNESSES:

INVENTOR Thomas U. -l/1/h/'f ATTORNEY SUPERVIS ORY CONTROL SYSTEMF'iied-June 7, 192 6 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 $51.51 a T T LT WITNESSES:

I I INVENTOR- j 1. 7770/7 as'U.W/7/f ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 16, 1932 ierr-111G;

e ue newsman: GEIQAQOI.LIJIAZQI$; wsssmeesv eeeseme s vGQM1?4%.N..Y,,.:AUCOREQMTIQE errs-imsereverie SUPERVISOEYV oon rltonv Mynten ion l-ates,- t sign llin systems memes: Pa t u arly; t t at .csssrkn ue a perv sory c ntr 1-;;I

wee di tr butor mea s orot lysel ti g an apparatusunit foroperation,

de mea s, e eby a n t' perab e ,a plurality ofpositions, remotely;selected by a 7 de mb n t on. o mp lses; pl cedlund r irs t ontrol fr mthe e e i g statlon r operation; toany one, or alloflts posrtmns.

no her je 0i my in enti n is to P1101.

" dem ens inc ud ng a in ously rotating i t butor for: motely lecting anzippers-i nergtmalging a Code;selectionnatzthe ofliceof, aid. r InQteselection, then operatingt eunit selected to any one of a pluralityofpositions: and fi ly p ov cli g supervisory indication y cod c mbnation of-inlpuiszes of saicloperation 7 Another object of myinventionistoproid yn h onou r ta g distributors for operating a c e selectinganclcode o erating supervisory control system. Another. Object of myinvention is to proi l m nsin. a synchronous distributor, code. spon v,super isory Control system for re-r.

mote-metering.

There are other ob ectsof my ,inventiorn which; together, with Iforegoing, will appear;

i th pecification; which f llows 7 Among the venous schemes heretoforepro poseclfor remote selectlonln a superyisory control system is.th.e.co(:letype.v This rnether ocl. of selection lends itselfparticularly W611 to supervisory control by reason .oftheiaot thateaohselection depends upon a combination-of impulses, of variouscharacteristics.

The, signalling line employed. in supervismy control-must, necessarilybe placed along Power rc aud S,-:t r ore,.-sub.jeeted,to

V hdueilit su g s ymakinga selecti n-fie:

P nclent 9n weds combination f. mpulses An object of my invention is topro vig1 e I h .efifie t:e th esiir es wh ch meme m n m zed mhie t eh lh el eseee'heh st hlr e i -ee-it etwmhf s til h t se -F1 requiregi insupervisory control and it is nec: v

'essary in addat n tothe protection obtained re d s et ftd were t e icet ec i n nefle. at h remet s y is af er which .h e e etsh e hteins di twhe l f the selectedunit. ;clirect control enables repeated opening anticlosing of the circuit.

breaker ith ht hr hs e -sho 0 1 se r gr e t eir vee s m, tel graph aterns haveernploy ed synchronously rota-ting istribu f r tran mittingcbmb et o 's Q mpulses fqere s e e h n-t h arra met-thee ,hseefeune tqhe p as Well as mpl nd- -r abl e v yser susd ew-h shl wev' e he e.

tele graph systenis as far as supervisory controlsystems are concernedisthe indirect Q Ql, ert afsstl ck i hyie t l o the final operation ofthe relnotely-se-lectecl unit.

cn te lzah ue n is p rv sqry ntro 5Y3."

w ns? it Rimmmtive at. aft r. mpl t e sel ction th spa her e, ot-o yfqrmed of e el ctio u lso, obta fulls eldir ct ro o t e ele h d unl e Myinvention; therefore, comprises in gen eral; synchronously rotatingdistributors at;

office i n. e hi h a codes le n i mad ol owe byv sup rrisery nt cat on0f the selec ion ade 3 Direct an full controlof the rernote unit isthenobtained 7 from the 'ofiicej end. For still further pro;

tection the selectingapparatus is normally nlalnta necl dlsconnectecl'fromthelinecon v necting the stations.

Referring to the drawings; 1;

circuit-arrangements, at the. office, and.

Frgures ,3 and i dls'closethe apparatus and circuit, arrangements 7 at.the sub-station.

r iguresl and, 2 discloselthe apparatus and In practicing; my invention,I provide .an'

Qfiice, Figuresfil' and2fconnectedto a substat1on,1F 1gures43 and, 4connected byalcon trol line 183 and supervisory line 269, asynechromzing1ine268ancla common-return line 267 with synchronouslyrotating control dis tributors 155 and 346, supervisory distributors 229and 478 and synchronizing distributors 247 and 492. Relays 17 9, 211,313 and 418 are under the control of distributors 155, 247, 346 and 478,respectively for switching the control and supervisory lines 183 and 269from the selecting to final operating circuitafter the completion of theselection.

Referring more particularly to; Figure 1, the individual control keys103 and 112 control circuit breakers at the remote point. The,

lamps 101, 102, 109, and 111 are individual supervisory indicators forthecorre'sponding circuit breakers. An operate key 118 controls theoperation of the selection unit and release key 124 is provided torestore-the set up selection. Relays 1311and-132 are'codingdevicesindividual to the keys 103 and 112 for controlling the code to betransmitted.

" Relay 129, when energized,opens the origi- Lil) 5 selecting circuit.

nal energizing circuit for code relays such as 131 and 132. Relays 133,134,135, 141, 142 and 146 are the supervisory? relays. Relay 172 andrelays 169 and 171 are the first and final selecting supervisory relaysrespective ly and relay 168 functions to render other selectionineffective after the final selection.

Relay 152, 153 is the receiving relay for the final selection anddetermines whether the relays 169 or 171 will be energized. Relay 169switches the control line from the code transmitting to operatingposition. The distributor controls the transmission of the code.

Referring to Figure 2, distrib ,utor 229 receives supervisory signalsfrom the remote station to distribute the impulses to the supervisorycode-selector relays 201 and 207. Re-

lay 203 energizesto open the operatingcircuit of the windings 201 and202 and relay 205, When energized, opens the energizing circuit of thewindings 206 and'-207.- The relay 204 is the group selecting relay.Relay 208, 209 is the start relay functioning toprepare the Relay 211functions to switch the supervisory line from theselecting tothe-operating. circuit and windings 212 and 213 comprise the line relay.The

a distributor 247 operates to maintain synchronism between the officeand sub-station distributor and is under the control of" relays 214 to219. I 7

Referring to Figure 3, the distributor 346 is the control receiver fordistributing the code signals to the selector relays 307, 308

and 316, 318, 321, 323 and 325. Relay windings 309, 311, 301 and 302 arethe start relays, which function to close the selecting circuits overthe contacts ofrelay 312. The relays 305 and 306 render other selectioninoperativeafter final selection. Relay 314' isthe line-relay and relay313 switches the control line from the'selection to the operatingcircuit. H w

. Referring to Figure 4, relays 402 and 403 ulses rela s are ener izedfor makin first are final selecting apparatus, the circuits of which areunder the 'controlof relay 401.

Circuit breakers 431 and 435 are individual to keys 103 and 112,respectively. Relays 404 to 408 and relays 413 to 417 are individualto'the' circuit breakers 431 and 435, respectively for operating acircuit breaker responsive to a control operation and for initiating zthe transmission of supervisory impulses in.-

' dicati've; of the operation V d of. the circuit breaker individualthereto.

The distributor 478 is a supervisory code sender, for code impulsesprepared by the energization of relays411 and 412. Relay 418 switchesthe supervisory line from its selecting to itsoperating circuit. Thedistributor 492 functions in conjunction with distributor 247 formaintaining the distributors at the sub-station and the oliice insynchronism and is under the control of relays 422 to 427. The functionof the remaining relays willbe obvious from the detailed description ofthe organization which follows: For purposesof convenience all of thepolar relays in the drawings have been disclosed, showing two windingsin order to illustrate that current of one-polarity will operate thearmatures in one direction and current of opposite polarity-will operatethe armatures in the opposite direction. Although a single battery isdisclosed at the o1li'ce,and a single battery at the substation withcircuits for all of'the relays energized from these batteries in certaininstances, relays have been shown as connected, to batter es whichappear to. be other than the main station battery. It will beunderstood, of course, that actually the same battery is employed andthat the connections shown are merely for purposes of conveniductor 183and operate the line relay 314 at the sub-station. The'impulses are thenrelayed through the distributor 346 at the sub- ICS pulses aretransmitted over the control constation. "Responsive to' these controlcode ima group and then a finalselection.

- Following the group and final selection,

impulses are transmitted over the distributor 478 and supervisory line269 to operate the supervisory receiver relay 212' at the oili'ce.

The impulses are relayed through the supervisory receiver dist-rbuton229 to make a groupand final selection which as aresult.

' each being locally driven.

illuminates a supervisory lamp giving the dispatcheran identification ofthe selection -which has been completed at the'remote station. I

The dispatcher willnow operate the key 7 118 to close either its upperor lower contacts depending upon the desired operation. Re-

lease key 124 functions to release fthe selecthe distributor brushes atthe ofiice are mounted for rotation on a single motor-driven shaft."Similarly thedistributor brushes at single motor-driven shaft. a v

Normally the distributor-brushes at the oflice and the substation rotatein synchrenism Synchronism is maintained by means of thet-wo distributorbrushes 493 and 264. As the dirstributor brush 264 is passing over thefirst segment 5 shown on the rig t hand half of the bank, an

impulseis sent from the positive side of the battery 266 throughthe'segment over which the brush 264 is at that moment passing andthrough brush wiper 264, the windings 218 and 219 synchronizingconductor 268,

through the winding 422 and 423 'of the polar relay through the brush493 and the segment of the distributor and over common return conductor267 to the midpoint of the battery As a result of the-energization ofthe relay 219 over the circuit 311st traced, the armature 246 operatesto closeits right hand contact and a circuit is completed from thepositive side of the battery 266 through the armature 246 and its righthand contact, the windings 217 and 216 to the midpoint ofbattery 266.The relay windings 216 and 217 when energized move their armature 245thwithdraw the latcii 27 0 integral therewith from the-path of thedistributor brush 264. Normally with "the relay deenergized thisprojection is in the path of the brush and therefore acts to bring thebrush to a stop.

' Simultaneously at the remote station the 'energization of the relay422over the circuit just traced completes a circuit from the positive sideof the battery 477 through the left hand contact of the armature 474 andthrough the windings of relays 427 and 426 to the mid point of battery477. -The relay 426 and 427 operates to move its armature 476 andthereby withdraws the latch from the distributor arm 493. In this mannerthe brush arms 264 and 493 pass upon their first segment of the righthalf of their respective banks in synchronism.

The distributor ar m'493 is arranged to ro- .t'ate sli htly faster thanthe arm264 and will therefore reach the first segment on the right 493,failureof an impulse over the line268" given. a

-segment 29O the circuit just traced over the synchronizing line fromthepositiv-e side of battery 266 is opened. The brush 264 will now passove'r the segment 291 and a circuit similar to the one just traced overthe synchronizing line is completed from the negative side of battery'266 and'through";the distributor' 247 at. the silica and 492 at thesubstation including the line relays 218, 219, 422

"and 423. 3 the substation are mounted forgrotation on a Therelaywinding 218' is energized over this circuit and operates thearmature 246 to its left'hand contact. As result of this operation ofarmature 246, an obvious energizing circuit is completed for the relaywind relays 218 and 219 the relay winding 423,- at the substation end isenergized over the circuit-including the relay winding 218. The

armature 474 is operated to close its-right hand contact. which in turncompletes an obvious energizing circuit for the relay wind ings 424 and425. 'As a result of theenergization' ofthis relay, the armature 475 isoperated to remove the latch from the dis-,

' tributor brush 493 which at this-time is on segment 497. 'In thismanner by the two reversals ofpolarity during each rotation of thedistributor arms; two synchronizing impulses per revolution aretransmitted to mainw tain the rotating brushes in synchronisinb Althoughthe distributor brush 264 is the synchronizer and the brush 493thesynchronizedgby'arranging to latch and un'latclrthe distributor 264 aswell as distributor bluish for any reason whatsoever will'prevent futherrotation of the brush 264 as well as 493.

Inactual operation the speed of'the two brushes can be so arranged bymeans of the well developed modern synchronous motor as to make them sonearly alike that the latches 245 and 47 6 fun'ot1on in such amannerthatv neither brush is ever actually latched and brought to restbut continues'on the contrarv. to rotate substantially continuously. iIt is understood of course, that other arrangements for synchronism canbe used.

' In order to better understand theinvention, the followingdetaileddescriptionthereof is; i

As in the brief description above, it will be assumed that thedispatcher desires to close the circL1it-breal:ei- 431.' in order toaccomplish this, hewill close the individual key 103.

This-key is. maintained in operative posi ion .until released. As aresult of this operation,

a circuit is completed from the negative side of the battery 266,conductor-185, the winding of relay 131, upper contact and lever 105,the back contact, and armature 104 and conductor 186 to the mid point ofbattery 266.

Relay .131 is energized over this circuit and completes a lockingcircuit for itself from the negative side of battery 266, conductor 185,winding of relay 131, its first closed contact, closed contact of key124, conductor 186 to the midpoint of battery 266.

A further result of the energization ofv relay 131 is to prepare anenergizing circuit c for the relay 152 at the second contact and for therelay 148 from the negative side of battery 266, conductor 185, thewinding of relay 148, the third contact of relay 131 to positive side ofbattery 266 over conductor 186..

The relay 148 energizes to impress a negative polarity from the battery266 upon the control conductor 183 over armature 149 and its frontcontact when the wiper 156 reaches the contact 157 A further result ofthe energization of relay 148 is to open the releasing circuit atarmature 151. a

From the. operations thus far described, it is evident that the coderelay locks itself up over its first contact, closes the energizingcircuit for relay 129 at its second contact,

which, in turn, opens the energizing circuits of other code relays andcompletes an energizing circuit for relay 148 at its third con-' tact,which prepares to impress a negative impulse or start impulse on thecontrol line 'fromarmature 149 and opens a releasing circuit at armature151. a

The fourth and fifth contact of the code relay functions in a mannerhereinafter to be described for transmitting the control code.

A's already noted, when the distributor brush 156 reaches the contact157, the energization of the relay 148 impresses a negative impulse onthe control conductor 183 from the negative side of the battery266 overconductor 185, the front contact and armature 149, contact 157, andwiper 156 of the distributor 155, back contact and armature 181,

conductor 183, armature 359 and its back contact, windings 314 and 315,conductor 37 5, and common return conductor 267 to the positive side ofbattery 266. V

The distributor brush 356 being in synchronism with brush 156, the powerwill be on contact 347 at this time and a circuit will be completed fromthe negative side of battery .477 over conductor 366, the right-handcontact and armature 339, the brush wiper 356 and contact 347 of thedistributor 346, windings of start relays 304 and 303, conductor 381,and conductor 375 to'the midpoint of battery 477. The start relay 303 isenergized over this circuit to close the left-hand contact of armature328 and a circuit is completedfor the relay 312 from the negative sideof battery 477, conductor 366, Winding of relay 312,.the left-handcontact and armature 328, conductor 381, and conductor 375, to themidpoint of battery 477. I g

The relay 312 energizes over this circuit and completesa locking circuitfor itself from negative battery over the circuit just traced throughthe winding of relay 312, its

first contact, back contact and armature 331,

conductors 381 and 375 to the midpoint of battery 477 and preparesselecting circuits at its secondto seventh contacts. 'By normallymaintaining these selecting circuits open, line disturbances from anycause whatsoever have no effect on the selection when no code is beingtransmitted.

The distributor brush 156 at the office will now reach its contact 158while at the same time the d stributor brush 356 is passing over itscontact 348 at the substation and a circuit is completed from thepositive side of the battery 266 over conductor 184, the fourth contactof relay 131, contact 158 and brush wiper 156 of the distributor 155,back contact-and armature 181, conductor 183, armature 359 and its backcontact, winding of relays 314, 315 ,conductor 375 and overcommon-return conductor 267 to the midpoint of battery 266. This is thefirst code impulse.

The line relay 314 is energized and operates its armature 339 to closeits left-hand contact; As a result, a circuit is completed from thepositive side of battery 477 over conductor V374, the left-hand contactand armature 339, the distributor brush 356, and contact 348 of thedistributor 346, the second contact of the relay 312 and winding ofrelays 301 and 302, conductors 381 and 375 to the midpoint of battery477.

The relay 301 is energized over this circuit to operate the armature327, closing its left- T hand contact and a circuit is completed fromthe negative side of battery 477 over conductor 366 through winding ofgroup selecting relay 307, back contact and armature 332, left-handcontact and armature 327 and conductors 381 and, 375 to the mid-point ofbattery 477. Relay 307, upon energization, completes a locking circuitfor itself from negative side of battery,- over conductor 366 throughthewinding of. the relay 307, through its first contact, back contactand armature 329 and over conductors 381 and 375 to the m dpoint ofbattery.

The relay 307 is the first orgroup selecting re1ay.- The transmission ofa negative impulse over the control conductor 183- instead of theimpulse justtracedwould have perated the line relaywindings 314, 315 ;soas to transmit an impulse of opposite polarity to the relayWindings-301and 302xandthe group selecting relay 308 instead =01the-seleeting re -$1 307. would have become energized. By this arranement, it is evident therefore that the :firstcontact of the distributorcan be used tomake-two group selections by the different polarities."One result of th'ecnergization of relay 307 is to C0111- plete anenergizing circuit for the relay 306 {from the negative side of battery4J7- over conductorfifie through the Windingot relay 306il18 secondcontact of relay 807 over conductors 881 and 375 to the midpoint ofbattery 4:77. The energization of relay 806 opens all the groupselecting circuits .at its The distributor brush 356 at the substationnow passes on to its contact "3 19 in synchronisni with the distributorhrush-=156 which is on thecontact 159 at-the ofiice and a circuit isagain conipletedirom the positire side of battery .266, conductor-184:,the

fifth contact of the relay 181, contact 159,-

back contact and armature 181, conductor 183, arn1ature 359 and its backcontact, Windings of relay 31 1, 315, through .the common returnconductor 267 over conductor-375. This is the second code impulse.

Relay 31-; is again energized to close its left-hand; contact and acircuit is again completed from the positive side ofthe fbattery 77 overconductor 37%, the left-hand contactand armature 339, the distributorbrush'856 and the contact 349 of the distributor 346, the third contactof relay 312'and the Windings'of relays 317 and 316-overconductor 367and the first armature contact 4139 of relay 401 to the midpoint ofbattery 477.

Relay 316 is energized and the armatu-re 34:1 closes itsleft-hand'contact. Ascircuit is thereupon complete-d from the negativeside of the battery 477. conductor 366, winding of the relay .02,conductorr362, the third -zcontact of the. relay 307', the lettshandcontact and armature 341 to then-midpoint rot battery- 177, overconductor 375.. .The relay 402 .makes the final selection and completesa locking circuit foritself'from the negative side of battery477'onerconductor 366, as traced, through the ..indin;. o'frrelay 402and its first Contact. over conduotor 36 hackcontact and. armature 329to th e midpointof the battery 47.7 over conductors 381and 375.

1i turthcrresult of the energization ofrelay 402 is to completean-energizinqcircuit for-the relay 4:01 fromtheneg ati-ve side of .thehattery l77, Winding of relay 401, second contact of the relay 02 =totheinidpoint of. the

"battery 47 7 a circuit'forfrelay tl9 extending filGnl the negativesideoi: battery 477-, Wind- 1 of aarinature "182. ever is not'eiiectiveatthistime by reason o f "the fact tha t it-is completed over theclosed1 contacts 50f theisuperv'isory selectors none of ingof relay 419, sixthcontact of .relay 402 and back to the midpoint of battery 477, and

to prepare a locking=circuitiorzrelay 313 at its fourth contact.

The relay- 101 i- -renergized and opensthe In viewotthe 'factthat-2111203? the-selections 1'6 i'at the 'ofiice in synchronisnr W-iththe Wiper 356, which passes over thecontact's 351 to 354 i at thesubstation.

The distrih utor' brushes at the two stations,

now rotatingin synohronisni reach their con- -tact closers1'66'and 3'58,respect1ve1y,'s1mul- .teneously. As a result ofcthe closing'ofcontact.166 vatthe office, (a'cir'cu-it is completed.

from the negative side oft the loatteryu266, conductor 185, through theWinding of relay 179 over the closed contacts :of lever 1'66 and overconductor 186 to the midpointzof battery 266. The relay 179ii-s'enengized :and

switches the line 1183 -from its :selectingrto its operating circuit."Similarly,- at the substation, the relay 313 is; energized from thenegative side of battery 177 "over conduct-or 366' throughtl1e-'"Winding f relay 3:18, I the closed contact of the' l-ever 358'tothemidpoint aof battery .477 over conductor 375. -1Relay 313isloclr'edoverr itsfront contactsand armature388, conductor 365.,wfourthcontact Pot relay 402, armature 496 :and its .aback contact tethe:m'idpoint of 'battery 4:77. 2 The ZOO-I1- ttrol conductor "183"is-1thusswitched fronr'the receiving selector tothe operating circuit.

The energi zati'on of relay 1179 prepares a locking circuit for itselfat the front contact The lockingcircuit how- Which have operated at thistime andthegrelay becornes deen'ergi'zed as soon :as' the Wiper 156passes'to the c"ontact"165. The'energizinc; of relay v17 9 atthiswtinier therefore has no effect and the armature 1 81 again closes the"selecting; jeircuitroveritshack contact. I

It "will aloe recalled that upon "the operation of'the final selectingrelay i02 tat the substa- "tion, an-en'ergizing circuit Wascompleted'for the :relay 419. "When the 'dl'StI1b1ltOI"W1peI479reaches'the contact 481,".the distributor wiper 239 at :the 'olii erotating in-syn- I chronism therewith Wil lwreach its contact 231.

A circuit willnow be completefrom'th'e negati've side .o-f'ioattery 17 7over the frontcontact and armature 467 the contact "481 and wiper17.9,backcontact and armature 472,

conductor 269,.armature.-227end its hack contact and theWindingof-relays -212 :and 213 and 1 over the common return 'zconduoton267 tothe midpoint of .battery7.

first contact of the relay The relay winding 212 will operate its{armature 243 to close'itsleft hand contact and an energizing circuitwill thereupon be completed for the relay winding 201 and 202 from thenegati e side of ba-ttery 266, the left hand contact and armature 243,the distributor brush 239 and start contact 231 of the distributor 229,the relay windings 201 and 202 to the midpoint of the battery 266'.

The relay winding 201 is energized over this circuit and closes anenergizing circuit for the relay 204 from'the negative side of battery266, conductor 185, winding relay 204, the left hand front contact ofarmature 221 to the mid point of battery 266 over conductor 186. i r

The relay'204 is energized over this-circuit and completes lockingcircuit for itself from negative battery 266,0verconductor 185, thewinding of relay204, the firstcontact of relay 204, the hack contact andarmature 222 to the midpoint-of battery266 over conduo to r186. Over theremaining contacts circuits areprepared for the Supervisory andidentification selection.

The distributor wipers 239 and 47 9 operating in synchronism will nowclose their contacts 232 and 482 simultaneously with theresult that acircuit will be completed from the positive side of the battery 47 7through the 307 over conductor 377, contact 432 and distributor brush479, the back contact a-no armature 472, conductor 269,. the armature227 and itsbackcontact, windings 212 and 213 to the common returnconductor 267. The polarity of this impulse, it will be noted, isdetermined-by the group selection made at the station and acts therefore. as an identification thereof.

The relay winding 212 will again he ,cnergized over this circuit toclose a circuit from the positive side of battery 266 in a manneralre'adytraced through thedistributor brush 239 and contact 232. thesecond contact of relay 204, armature 224 and its back contact throughthe windings 206 and 207 to the mi dpoint of'battery 266tover theconductor 186.

The relay winding 206 is. energized over this circuit to complete anenergizing circuit for the relay 17. from. the negativeside of battery266, conductor 185 through the winding of relay 172, conductor 198, theleft hand contact and armature 225 to the midpoint of the battery overconductor 186; Relay 172 is associated with the relay 307 and like thelatter is the first or group selecting relay. 1

The energization of the relay 17 2 completes a locking circuit foritself from the negative side of hattery 266, through the winding ofrelay 172 as already traced through its first contact and over conductor187, back contact 'and armature 222 and conductor 186 to the midpoint ofattery 266.

A further result of the energization of relay 172 1s to complete anenergizing circui the midpoint of the battery 266 over conduc-,

tors 199 and 186. The final supervisory circuit is completed over thethird contact of re lay 172. The energization of the relay 205 opens allthe group selecting circuits of which,,-f or-simplicity, only one isshown at armature 224 thereby preventing any further group selectionfrom taking place.

The distributor brushes-239 and 479-operating in synchronism now reachtheir respective'contacts 233 and 483 simultaneously. A circuit is nowcompleted from the negative side of battery 477 through the contact 495of relay 402 over the segment 483 and distributor brush 479, the backcontact and armat-ure 472, conductor 269, the armature 227 and its backcontact, the windings of relays 2'12 and'213 in series to the midpointof battery 477 over common return conductor 267. This impulse as in theprevious case, is controlled by the selecting relay energized at thesubstation and thus identifies the final selectionl The relay Winding212 is energized by this negative impulse andcloses its armature 243over its left hand contact. A circuit is now completed from the negativeside of battery 7 266 through left hand contact and armature 243, thedistributor brush 239 and contact 233, conductor 188, winding 153 and152 to the midpoint of battery 266 over conductor 186.

The relay winding 1.52 is engaged over this circuit and completes anenergizing circuit for the final selecting relay 169 from the negative 7side of battery 266, conductor 185, the winding 169, the left handcontact and armature 154 to the midpoint of battery 266, over conductor186. s

The relay 169 energized over this circuit to make the final selectionlocks itself upover its first contact from the negative side ofhattery266 and through winding of relay'169 as already traced, its firstcontact, conductor 187 the back contact and armature 222 to themidpointof the battery 266 over conductor 186.

An energizing circuit is also completed for the relay 168 from thenegative side of battery 266 over conductor 185, Winding of relay168,"the second contact of the relay 169, conductor 193 to the midpointof battery 266 over conductor 186 and a locking circuit is prepared forthe relay 179 at the third contact of relay 169. A supervisory circuitis The dispatcher is thus apprised ofthecorrect'selecti'on at the remotepoint and he may now with assurance close his operating key to performthe selection desired. The distributors at the t-Wostations now rotatepass-,

ing from Contact to contact, but, no other selection can, be performedsince the relay 168 at the otiice holds open all selecting circuits atitswcontacts, and the relay 401. atithe substation simultaneouslyholdsopen alliits se- .lecting circuits.

Thebrushes 156, 356, 479, and 239 rotating in synchronism will noivreachand operate contact closers 166,. 358, .489 and 2.42 rcsspectively. rTheclosing of the contact 166 completes an ener izing circuit forlthe relay179 :from the negative side of battery 266,

through the winding of relay 17 9, the contact of the closer 166 to themidpoint of battery 266over conductor 186. e

. The relay 179. is energized andcoinpletes a locking circuit for itselfover its armature 'contact 182 from the. negative side of battery 266through the Winding of relay 179, as already traced, front contact andarmature 182, the third contact of the relay 169 over theu-last -contactof the relay 131 to the mid point of the batteryover conductor 186.

It will be noted that the final selection must agree witht-he code relaywhich is operated when completing alocking circuit for the relay 179 so:that even ifthe dispatcher negligently fails to notice a falseselection such a false identification received at the of- V 5 .ficewoulderender'the control operation \in effective. a c 7 e As we paintedout above the relay 313 is at this time electrically locked at "thesubstation. its circuit being completed "originally tromthe negativeside of battery 477, conductors-402 and 366, winding of relay 313,.thecontact of the latch 358 to the midpoint of battery 477, over conductor375. The lockin circuit for the relay 313 is completed over the circuitfrom the negative side of battery 477 over conductor 366, as alreadytraced, the Winding of relay 313, front contact and armature338,conductor 365, the fourth contact of the relay 402 armaturef496 andits backcontactto the mid point of battery 477. In a similar mannerrelay 418 is .ener ized over the circuit from the-negative side'ofbattery 477, winding of relay 418,-theccntact 489, to the midpoint ofbattery 477 and complctes a locking circuit for itself from the negativeside, of battery 477, relay 418, the

front contact and armature 47 3, the front contact and armature 469 tothe midpoint of battery 477.

At the oilice the relay 211 is'energized'over the circuit from thenegative side of battery 266, through the winding of relay 211', thecontact of the lever 242 to the midpoint of p battery 266-:and thereuponcompletes a lock? ing circuit for itself from the. negative .side

0f.battery266cthroughthe Winding of relay 211,..the front contactandqarmature. .228, conductor 19.4, the closedcontact 174,,the lastcontact of relay 131 to midpointfofgthebat v tery over conductor 186. 10The selections at the ofiice and substations having now-been completedthere is. a direct connection ;fr0n1the operating key at the offlee .toapparatus unit at the substation and a similar direct supervisoryicircuit'from the 55 apparatusunit .to the: individual :lamps at theofiice. ItW-ill be noted that-although the selectionvvas made by themeans of qthe code combination of} impulses, that" the finally selectedapparatus unit andsupervisory;infio diatorare connected totheir-individual members over circuits cleared of any selectingapparatus. The dispatcher thus having direct connection to the unit: mayeither-open or close the Q circuit breaker or repeatedly open and closethe unit'insuccessi'on if so desired. This feature is of a'decided.advantage as it enables meteringin a code system.

Since it is assumed that the dispatcher .defie sires-to close. thecircuit breaker, 'a-circuit will be completed from the positive side ofbattery 266, the-conductor 184, the contacts 119 and 121 of the key 118:moved :to its upper 7 position, ring 113 brush 156,'ring:114 the contact107 and 108 of the individual key 103, the front contact andarmature1181-, con trol conductor183, the armature 359 and its front contact,ring 342, brush 356, ring 343,

conductor'l499 Winding-of relay 491v to the ino v midpoint ofbattery266wover conductor 267. The armature 487 closes its righthand con-v tactto complete an energizing circuit from the positive side of battery 477to the right handizcontactjand armatures' 487, conductor 5105 498, thirdcontact of relay 402, windings of 'rrla-ys '407 and408 to the midpoint:ofbattery i The aniature 449ismoved toclose its right I hand contactthus completing an energizing 11o circuit for the solenoid 432 Whichfunctions to close-t 1e circuit breaker. 431.1.

As the circuit bre-akermoves fromits open to closed position, palletswitch 434 closes its I contacts to complete-an obvious energizing "1 15circuit-for the relay 406 Which'in :turn completes an energizing circuitfor the relay 405, over armature 448 and its front contact. Uponthe-energization of relay 406 but before the energizaticn "of relay 405a momentary circuit is completed {for the relay 404' over-"contact 445andnarmature 446 and-its back contact and front contact and armature477. Relay 404 energizes: and completes" a locking circuit for itselfover 'ar- 12 *mature 444 andwits front contact and ar-- anature. 452 andits back contact. A fur" ther result of the ene'r'gization of the relay404 is :IO COllllDlGC-G an energizing circuit for 1 the relay 411'-jfrom-ground through battery, 130

' and unlatches the armatures 136 and 137 by 7 lamp 101 is .opened atarmature'136 and a windingof the relay 411, front contacts and armatureofrelay 404,'back contact and armature of relay 413,-and back contactand armature of relay 409 to ground. Relay 411 locks itself over itsfirst contact and the back contact of relay 428. The relay 411, which isthe supervisory code-transmitting relay inclividual to circuit breaker431, will now transmita codecombination of'impulses to the firststation. Relay 411 is locked over a circuit including its first contactand back contact andarmature 452 to'ground.

An energizing circuit is completed for the relay409 from positive sideof battery 477 over the last contact ofrelay 411 winding of relay 409 tothe midpoint of battery and an energizing circuit is completed for therelay 419 over the next to the last contact ofrelay41 from the negativeside of battery 477 through the winding of relay 419, through thecontact of relay 411 to the midpoint of the battery.

The second and third contacts of relay 411 function to transmit asupervisory code individual to the apparatus units that is operated.Since, however, in this'case the selection has already been completed atthe otiice, the code relay has no function as such at this time.

\ A supervisory impulse is,however,- transmitted from the negative sideof battery 47 7 throughthe upper winding of relay 428, the

front contact and armature 451, the third contactof the relay 411, theback contact and armature 471, the front contact and arma- "ture 472,conductor 269,- t-he front contact and armature 227, conductor 195,through the third contact of the relay 172 to fourth'contact of relay169, the armature 139 and'its back contact winding of relay'135 to midpoint ofbattery 47 7 over common return conductor 267. Energization ofrelay 428, as a result of the transmission of supervisory sig nal,'opensthe locking circuits of relays 404 and 411. Relay 428, uponenergization, opens the'lockingcircuit of relay 411 traced above andthis relay deenergizes.

Therelay 135 is energized over this circuit withdrawing latcharmature'138.

An energizing circuit iscompleted for the relay 134 the negative side ofbattery 266, winding of relay 134, the back contact and armature 137tothe midpoint of battery 266 over conductor 186.

Normally with the circuit breaker open, as already showmthe lamp 101 wasenergized over the closed contact and armature 136 from the negativeside of battery to the midpoint of battery 266 over conductor186.

Upon the operation of relay 135, as already traced, the energizedcircuit for the circuit closed for the lamp 102 thereby giving thedispatcher a supervisory indication of the operation of the circuitbreaker from the open tothe closedposition.

all the selecting apparatus is deenergize the relay 129 and relay 148. A

further result of the deenergization of relay 131 is to open the lockingcircuits of the relays 168, 169 and 179.

Simultaneously with the opening of the release key contact 124, thecontact 116 is closed. When the distributor brush I156 crosses thesegments 117 a circuit is completed from the positive side of battery266 through the closed contact 116 to segment 117 andbrush 156, frontcontact and armature- 181,.conductor 183, front contact and armature359, brush 356, segment 396Winding of relay 494 and over conductor 267to the midpoint of battery 266. The code'and selector relays are sodesignated that they are held energized for a short interval of timelong enough to permit the distributor brush to reach the segment 117 sothat the relay 179 is tact and armature 181, conductor183, the

armature 359 and'its back contact, windings of relays 314 and 315 to themidpoint of battery 266 over conductor 375 and the commonreturn-line267. r

Relay 314 is energized'and closes its-left hand contact to complete acircuit from the positive side of battery 477, over conductor 374, theleft hand contact and armature 339, through the distributor brush 356and segment 355, windings of relays 311 and 309 to the midpointof thebattery477 over conductor'381. r

Relay 311 is energized to close armature 336 and its right hand contact.An energizing circuit is completed for the relay Winding 305 from thenegative side ofthe bat-' tery 477-over the conductor 366 through theWindingof relay 305, the right hand contact and armature 336 to themidpoint of the battery 477 over conductor 381.

The relay winding 305 is energized to open the locking circuit of theselecting relays 307 and 402 at armature 329 and to open the lockingcircuit of the relay 312 at armature 331.

The deenergization of the relay 307 opens the energizing circuit of therelay 306. The

deenergization of the relay 402 opens'the energizing circuit of relay401. In this manner restored to normal at thesubstation.

The deenergization of the relay 307 also opens the energizing circuit ofthe relay 421 which in turn opens the locking circuit of the relay 418.

As the distributor arm 479 reaches its seg ment 488 and distributor arm239 reaches its segment 238, an impulse is transmitted from the positiveside of battery 477 over the back contact and armature 468, back contactand armature 466, distributor contact 488, thebrush arm 479,- backcontact and armature 472, conductor 269, armature 227 and its backcontact and the winding 213 to the midpoint of battery 477 over commonreturn conductor 267. As a result of the energization of the relaywinding 213, the armature 243 closes its right hand contact and acircuit is completed from the positive side of battery 266, the righthand contact and armature 243, distributor brush 239, segment 238,windings 208 and 209 to the midpoint of battery 266.

The energization of relay 209 operates armature 226 to close its righthand contact and complete an energizing circuit for the relay 203 fromthe negative side of battery 266 over the conductor 185, the winding ofrelay 203, right hand armature contact 226 to the midpoint of battery266. The relay 203 is energized to open the locking circuit of the relay204. The deenergization of the relay 204 opens theenergizing circuit ofthe relay 205. In this manner the apparatus s restored to normal.

, Should an apparatus unit operate automatically at the substation end,the super: visory operations will be exactly the same a as described inconnection with a control operation of the unit except that the codetransmitted will be determined by the code relay energized such as 411and 412 lnstead of by the selecting relays which have been closed. Itwill be noted that the code relays of all code circuits are multipledW1th those completed by the selecting units and will therefore functionin the same manner. In brief, the operations which take place followingan automatic operation of such a circuit breaker as 435 to its closed"position, is as follows: Relay 415 will energize to,,1n turn, completean energizing circuit forthe relay 414 which, however, does not energlzebefore an energizing circuit is completed for the relay 413, which, inturn, locks itself up over its own front contact. The energlzation ofthe relay 413 completes an energizing cir cuit for the supervisorycode-transmitting relay 412 and, at the same time, opens the energizingcircuits for all the other code relays. As the distributor 479 nowrotates, impulses will be transmitted over the supervisory line 269 tooperate the windings'212 and 213 of the receiving supervisory relay.These supervisory impulses will then be repeated through the distributor229'to' oper ate a group and final selecting relays which, in'turn, uponenergization, will make a selection of one of the supervisory receivingrelays in a manner which has been described in detail above. WVhen thesupervisory code signals have been transmitted, a supervisory impulsewill be" transmitted from ground throughbattery, the upper windingof'relay 499, the front contact. and armature of relay 414 through thethird contact of reiay 412, the back contact and armature 477, thefrontcontact and armature 472, over the supervisory line 269' and through thecontacts of the selectors energized'to the indi vidual supervisoryrelaywhich, upon en'e'r gization, will illuminatethe proper lamp in themanner which has been described in detail above. It should be noted thatafter the selection of the apparatus unit by a predeterminedcodecombination of impulses the unit may be operated to its plurality ofp'ositionswithout any further selection; that is, after the circuitbreaker has been'selected the dispatcher may move his key to open andclose the-circuit breaker successively as often I all of the directcontrol obtainable in the synchronous supervisory control systems withthe protecting features of the code system and the simplicity andcheapness of the telegraph typewriter system. Although I have disclosedmy invention in connection with the supervisory control system, it isobvious that it has ap'plicationsin any selective signalling system andI do not intend to-limit myself of thespecific modification' described;but, only in'so far as set forth 7 in the appendedclaims. i

v I claim as my invention:-

a second i station, a continuously operating v distributor at'ea'ch ofsaid stations, apparatus units at said second stations, means includingsaid continuously operating distributors'for second station, rotatingdistributors at each of said stations, apparatus units at said V is 1.In a signalling system, a first station,

ation, means including said distributor oper-" ative following thecompletev reception of said code forswitching said signalling line to anoperative position, means including said signalling'line for thereafteroperating said apparatus unit directly from said first station over saidsignalling line, a supervisory'line connecting said stations, meansincluding anotherof said distributors at said second station fortransmitting code combinations of impulses over said supervisory line,means including another of said distributors at said first stationresponsive to said code combination of impulses for conditioning one ofsaid signalling devices individual to said unit for operation, meansincluding said other distributors at each of said stations, operativefollowing the complete transmission of said code combination of impulsesfor switching said supervisory line to its operative position, and meansincluding said supervisoryline for transmitting a supervisory impulseindividual to said operated apparatus unit.

3. In a signalling system, a first station, asecond station,continuously operated distributors at said stations, apparatus units atsaid second station, a signallingline connecting said stations, means,including. said distributor at said first stationofor transmitting codecombinations of impulses to select an apparatus unit at said secondstation, means including said distributor atsaid second-stationresponsive tosaid code combination of impulses for conditioning one ofsaid apparatus units for operation, and means whereby said signallingline is alternately employedjfor transmitting said code combinationsofimpulses and for transmitting operating impulses to operate theselected apparatus unit. 7 L r a 4.- In a signalling system, a firststation, a second station, apparatus units at said sec.- ond. station,signalling devices individual thereto at said first station,continuously operated distributors-at each of said stations, asignalling line connecting said stations, means including one of saiddistributors at said first station for transmitting code combinations ofimpulses to said sec, ond station, means including one of saiddistributorsat said second station responsive to said; code combinationsfor conditioning one of said apparatus units for operation, meansincluding other of said distributors at said second station fortransmitting code combinations of impulses from said second to saidfirst station indicative of said selection, means including other ofsaid distributors at said firststation for conditioning one of saidsignalling devices individual to said apparatus unit atsaid firststation for operation, means whereby said control line is employed totransmit both'said code combination of impulses forselecting a unit foroperation and to transmit the control operating impulse, and meanswhereby the supervisory line is. employed to transmit both said codecombination of supervisory signals for selecting the signalling deviceand the operating supervisory signal. I

. 5. In a control system, a first station a second station, a lineconnecting said stations, devices at the second station'to be operatedfrom the first station'over said line and normally disconnected.therefrom, a distributor at each station, means for continuouslyoperating the distributors in synchronism' with each other, means at thefirst station including the distributor thereat for transmitting codecombinations of impulses to the second station, each combination beingindividual to one of the devices, means at the second station includingthe distributor thereat responsive to said code combinations of impulsesfor selecting the device individual to the combination and connecting'itto the lineindefinitely, means for at will operating the selected unitover said line from said first station and'means for disconnecting atwill from the first station the device from'said me. 6, In a controlsystem,'a first station, a second station, a plurality of apparatusunits at the second station, each of said units being operable to aplurality of positions, a codeoperated selecting device at the secondstation, continuously-rotating distributors at said stations, a lineconnecting the stations, means including the distributor at the firststation fortransmitting a code over said line tothe second station, saidsecond station distributor being disposed to receive and dis tributesaid impulses of the code to the selecting device to effect a selectionof the desired apparatus unit and a connection of it to the line, andmeans for thereafter operating the selected unit from the first stationfrom one to another of its positions as often as desired. g

i 7. In a control system, a first station, a second station,'asignalling line connecting said stations, apparatus'units at the secondstation, a rotating distributor at each station,

means for-continuously operating the distributors in synchronism, meansincluding the distributor at the first station and thesignalling linefor transmitting a code of impulses to the second station, a selector atsaid second station responsive to said code for selecting one of theapparatus units for operation, said rotating distributor at the sec- 0ndstation being disposed to distribute said impulses to the selector toeffect a selecting operation and means operable after the selection hasbeen effected for directly connecting the selected apparatusunit to thesignalling line whereby direct control of said selected apparatus unitis obtained.

8. In a control system, a first station, a second station, a signallingline connecting said stations, a continuouslyerotating distributor ateach station, means for causing said distributors to operate insynchronous relation, a selector at the second station, means includingthe distributor at said first station for transmitting a combination ofimpulses to said second station, means including the distributor at saidsecond station for distributing the impulses to the selector, and meansfor thereafter rendering the selector unresponsive to further impulsesuntil the prelviously set up selection is restored to norma 9. In acontrol system, a first station, a second station, apparatus units and ametering device at the second station, a receiving device at the firststation, a line connecting the stations, a distributor at each of saidstations, means for continuously operating the distributors insynchronous relation means including the distributor at the firststation for transmitting code combinations of impulses over the line,code-operated means including the distributor at the second station forselecting any one of said units from the first station, said codeoperated means being operable to select the meter device,

means including the distributors at both stations operative followingthe complete selecting operation for directly connecting the receivingdevice and the metering device through the line, and means at the firststation for effecting the disconnection of said devices from the line atwill.

10. In a control system, a first station and 11. In a supervisorycontrol system, a first station, a second station, a line connectingsaid stations, apparatus units at said second station, means including acontinuously-operating distributor for transmitting code combinations ofimpulses over said line from said first to said second station, meansincludin a continuously-operating distributor at sai second stationresponsive to said code combination of impulses for selecting one ofsaid units for operation, and means including said distributors forproviding a direct electrical connection between said selected unit andsaid first station over said line.

12. In a signaling system, a first station, a second station, a controlline connecting said stations, apparatus units at said second station,operating means at the first station, continuously-rotating distributorsat each of said stations, means including said continuously-rotatingdistributors for selecting said apparatus units for operation from saidfirst station by means of code combinations of impulses transmitted oversaid line, and switching relays at said stations controlled by thedistributors for switching the control line into connection with theselected unit and the operating means at the first station whereby saidunits, when selected, are maintained indefinitely'under direct controlfrom I said first station.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 27th dayof May, 1926.

THOMAS U. WHITE.

a second station, a receiver device at the first station, acurrent-operated meter device and apparatus units at the second station,a line connecting the stations, a distributor at each station, means forefi'ecting continuous synchronous operation of the distributors, meansat the first station including the distributor thereat for transmittingcode combinations of impulses to the second station individual to saidmeter device and apparatus units, codeoperated means at the secondstation including the distributor thereat for selecting one of saidapparatus units at the second station, and means whereby saidselectingmeans associates said receiver device with the meter device andthe line.

